In the Qur’aan, Allah does not declare war on anyone except the people who deal in ribaa:
“O you who believe! Be afraid of Allah and give up what remains (due to you) of ribaa (from now onward), if you are (really) believers. * And if you do not do it, then take a message of war from Allah and His Messenger” ( Surah al-Baqarah (2): 278 – 279)
This is sufficient to explain the abhorrence of this deed in the sight of Allah (Swt).
One may easily discern the extent of its devastation, whether at the individual and the international level, caused by dealing with ribaa – such as bankruptcy, recession, economic stagnation, inability to repay loans, high unemployment, collapse of many companies and institutions, etc. Daily toil has become a never-ending struggle to pay off interest on loans and societies have become class-ridden structures in which huge wealth is concentrated in the hands of a few. Perhaps all this is a manifestation of the war threatened by Allah to those who deal in ribaa.
Everyone who has something to do with ribaa, whether he is one of the main parties involved or is a middleman or facilitator, has been cursed by Muhammad (saas). Jaabir (ra) reported that the Messenger of Allah (swt) cursed “… the one who consumes ribaa, the one who gives it to others, the one who writes it down and the one who witnesses it.” He (saas) said : “They are all the same.”
Based on this, it is not permitted to take up work that involves writing interest-based contracts and conditions, paying or receiving ribaa, depositing it or guarding it. Generally speaking, it is haraam to be directly or indirectly involved with ribaa in any way shape of form.
The Prophet (saas) was keen to explain the ugliness of this major sin. ‘Abdullah ibn Mas’ood (ra) reported that the Prophet (saas) said: “There are seventy-three types of ribaa, the least of which is as abhorrent as a man having intercourse with his own mother, and worst of which is (violating) a Muslim’s honor and sanctity.” 2 ‘ Abdullah ibn Handalah (ra) reported that the Prophet (saas) said: “Knowingly consuming a dirham of ribaa is worse for a man than committing adultery thirty-six times.” 3
The prohibition on ribaa does not just apply to deals between rich and poor, as some people think; it is a general prohibition that applies to every person and every situation. How many rich people and big businessmen have gone bankrupt because of ribaa! The least harm ribaa does is to destroy the blessing (barakah) of the money, even if a person’s wealth is great. The Prophet (saas) said: ” Even if ribaa is much, it will end up being a small amount. “ 4
This does not refer to whether the ratio of interest is high or low; all types of ribaa is haraam, and the one who deals with it will be raised up on the Day of Resurrection like the one who stands after the Shaytaan has beaten him, resulting in insanity and epilepsy.
In spite of the enormity of this sin, Allah has told and explained us to how repent from it. Allah says to those who deal in ribaa.
“ … but if you repent, you shall have your capital sums. Deal not unjustly (by asking more than your capital sums), and you shall not be dealt with unjustly (by receiving less than your capital sums). “ (Sura al-Baqarah (2) ; 279)
This is quintessential justice.
The believer must despise this major sin and feel its abhorrence, even if he puts his money in interest-based banks because he has no other choice and is afraid that his money may be lost or stolen otherwise. He should feel that he is being compelled by necessity to do this, like one who ears dead meat, or worse. At the same time, he should seek the forgiveness of Allah and try to find an alternative if he ca. He is not permitted to ask the bank for interest, and if the bank deposits it in his account, he must get rid of it in whatever way is permissible. This money cannot be counted as sadaqah (charity), because Allah is pure and accepts only that which is pure. He cannot benefit from this money by using it to by food, drink, clothing, transportation or housing; he cannot use it to fulfill obligations such as spending on his wife, child or parents, or to pay zakaat or taxes, or to defend himself in court. Rather, he should just get rid of it, for fear of the wrath of Allah.
1) Reported by Muslim, 3/1219.
2) Reported by al-Haakim in al-Mustadrak, 2/37; see also Saheeh al-Jaami 3533
3) Reported by Imaam Ahmad, 5/225; see also Saheeh al-Jaami’, 3375
4) Reported by al-Haakim, 2/37; see also Saheeh al-Jaami’, 3542.
