A Brief Guide To Zakaah

[the Muslims] about the obligation of Zakaah, a matter in which many Muslims have been too careless and lenient. Many do not offer their Zakaah in accordance to what has been legislated in the religion, despite its greatness and its being one of the five pillars of Islam.

In the Noble Qur`aan when Allah (Jalla wa A’ala) says:
﴿خُذْ مِنْ أَمْوَالِهِمْ صَدَقَةً تُطَهِّرُهُمْ وَتُزَكِّيهِمْ بِهَا﴾

“Take Sadaqah (alms) from their wealth in order to purify them and sanctify them with it.” [Surah at-Tawbah (9):103]

﴿وَمَا أَنْفَقْتُمْ مِنْ شَيْءٍ فَهُوَ يُخْلِفُهُ وَهُوَ خَيْرُ الرَّازِقِينَ﴾

“And whatsoever you spend of anything (in Allah’s Cause), He will replace it. And He is the Best of providers.” [Surah as-Saba´ (34):39]

A severe warning has been issued to those who do not offer Zakaah out of greed as well as those who fall short in doing so. Allah (Jalla wa A’ala) said:

﴿وَالَّذِينَ يَكْنِزُونَ الذَّهَبَ وَالْفِضَّةَ وَلا يُنْفِقُونَهَا فِي سَبِيلِ اللهِ فَبَشِّرْهُمْ بِعَذَابٍ أَلِيمٍ * يَوْمَ يُحْمَى عَلَيْهَا فِي نَارِ جَهَنَّمَ فَتُكْوَى بِهَا جِبَاهُهُمْ وَجُنُوبُهُمْ وَظُهُورُهُمْ هَذَا مَا كَنَزْتُمْ لأَِنْفُسِكُمْ فَذُوقُوا مَا كُنْتُمْ تَكْنِزُونَ﴾

“And those who hoard up gold and silver [al-kanz: the money, the Zakaah of which has not been paid], and spend it not in the Way of Allah, – announce unto them a painful torment. * On the Day when that (al-kanz: money, gold and silver, etc., the Zakaat of which has not been paid) will be heated in the Fire of Hell and with it will be branded their foreheads, their flanks, and their backs, (and it will be said unto them): ‘This is the treasure which you hoarded for yourselves. Now taste of what you used to hoard’.” [Surah at-Tawbah (9):34-35]What is Zakaah? 

Zakaah is an obligation upon the Muslims is one of the most apparent indications of the beauty of Islam and the concern it has for its adherents. The benefits of Zakaah are indeed numerous, and [it has been made obligatory] due to the dire need of the poor amongst the Muslims. It is a charity which has to be paid on certain amounts of wealth. It is Waajib (a compulsory duty) on all Muslims who fulfill the conditions necessary for its payment. Zakaah is one of the five pillars of Islam.
Do I have to pay Zakaah? 

It depends. All Muslims have to pay Zakaah, unless you are exempt.
On what should a Muslim Pay Zakaah? 

Zakaah has been made obligatory upon four categories of wealth:

1. Grains and fruits produced by the earth,

2. Grazing or herding animals which feed freely from the earth,

3. Gold and silver,

4. And inventory (stock) with which one does business. 
Who is exempt? 

There are two conditions for Zakaah to be obligatory, if you meet them, you must pay Zakaah. The two conditions are called Nisab and Hawl. If you do not meet both of these conditions, then you are exempt from paying Zakaah. 
What is Nisab? 

The Nisab is the threshold value above which Zakaah is due. Or put another way, Nisab is minimum amount of wealth that one must possess before the Zakaah becomes obligatory. So if the value of your gold, silver and cash added together is more than a certain amount (called the Nisab), you must pay Zakaah. 
How much is the Nisab? 

The Nisab for gold is 20 Miskals, which is equal to 11 3/7 pounds i.e., The Nisab of gold is 92 grams, the Nisab of silver is 140 Miskals 644 grams and the Nisab on Hard Currency is the equivalent of 92 grams of gold. So you need to work out what gold you have, what silver you have, and what Cash Balance you keep. The paper currency and coined money which people use today come under the ruling of gold and silver, whether they are called Dirham, Dinar, Dollars, or anything else. The Nisab (value of 92 grams of gold) this day (20/10/2005) is RS. 33,580 (Indian Rupees).
What is Hawl? 

The Hawl is a period of time. It is one year of the Islamic calendar (i.e. 12 lunar months). Do not use the Gregorian calendar (Christian Calendar), as their (solar) year is longer. 
How much do I have to pay? 

Two and a half percent must be paid on the total value of your gold, silver and Cash providing the two conditions are met. This is the same as RS. 25 for every RS. 1,000 of your wealth (or RS. 2.50 for every RS. 100). 
Who is considered eligible to receive the Zakaah? 

It does not befit that the Zakaah be given to the one who does not utilize it for obedience to Allaah. For indeed Allaah The Most High has obligated it as an aid towards obedience to Him for whosoever is in need of it from the believers, such as the poor and those under debt or one who helps the believers. 

So whoever does not pray from the people who are needy should not be given anything until he repents; and until he adheres to the performance of the prayers in their correct times.
Who do I give Zakaah to? 

There are eight categories of people who are entitled to Zakaah. These categories are mentioned in the Qur’an.

• The Fuqara

• The Masaakeen

• The People who collect the Zakaah funds

• To attract the hearts of those who are inclined to Islam

• To free the captive

• Those in debt (see question on debt below)

• For the Cause of Allah (subhanahu wa ta’ala)

• The stranded traveller.
Can I give Zakaah to the masjid? 

No, the masjid is not one of the above eight categories. 
Do I pay Zakaah on jewellery? 

Gold and silver jewelry also comes under the [general] ruling of gold and silver. If its weight reaches the Nisab and it is in possession for a period of one year, Zakaah becomes obligatory upon it. This is the case even if the jewelry was actually worn by the owner or lent to others. Amr ibn Shu’ayb reported that: “A woman accompanied by her daughter came to to Allah’s Messenger (salalahu alaihi wa salam) wearing two heavy gold bangles on her arms. He asked her: ‘Do you pay Zakaah on them?’ She replied: ‘No’. He then said: ‘Would you like Allah to put two bangles of fire on your arms?’ There is no Zakaah on precious gems and stones.
What qualifies as gold, silver and cash? 

You need to include your jewellery, ornaments and cash savings (including shares). 
Do I have to pay Zakaah on a second property? 

No, Zakaah is not payable on the value of the property.
Do I have to pay Zakaah o
n rent received? 

Zakaah is payable on your savings, some of which may be from the rent. Remember, if the total value of your savings exceeds the Nisab for a twelve month period, then Zakaah is due. 
Do I pay Zakaah on trade goods? 

Yes, if you own stock, Zakaah is payable, provided the two conditions are met. (i.e. possession of wealth over the Nisab for a period of one year)
What if I have debts? 

If you have debts, you still have to pay Zakaah if the total value of your savings (and gold and silver) reaches the Nisab, and it is in your possession for one year. You cannot offset debts against your cash, gold and silver. For example, Abdullah has borrowed RS. 5000 which he spent on a car. In addition, he has RS. 1000 in gold, RS. 1000 in silver, and RS. 1000 in cash savings. He has to pay Zakaah on his gold, silver and cash even though he is in debt. 
What if I have money in my possession which doesn’t belong to me? 

If you are looking after gold, silver or cash for someone else, this does not count towards your own wealth. You should remind them to pay Zakaah on it. 
What if I have lent money to someone else? 

You have to pay Zakaah on money that you have lent (provided the two conditions are met).
What if I claim benefits? 

This doesn’t matter, you still have to pay Zakaah provided the two conditions are met. 
What if I send money to relatives abroad? 

For this to qualify as Zakaah, you must have intended that this money was sent as Zakaah, and that your relatives who received this money, fall into one of the eight categories of Zakaah. 
What if I have never paid Zakaah? 

Zakaah is an obligation upon every Muslim who meets the conditions. Non payment of Zakaah is a Major Sin. You should repent to Allah for not paying, and calculate what you should have paid and pay it.
Can I delay paying the Zakaah? 

No, you should pay the Zakaah as the one year period is over.
I have the money in my account, but I need it to pay my expenditure? 

As long as your savings exceed the Nisab for a twelve month period, you must pay the Zakaah.
I am saving for my son’s wedding 

You still have to pay Zakaah if the total value of your savings (and gold and silver) reaches the Nisab, and is in your possession for one year, irrespective of what you are saving for. This applies even if you are saving up for Hajj.
Examples of calculating Zakaah 

1. Abdullah has RS. 2000 in his bank. He has had this in his bank for the one year, it over the Nisab (e.g., RS. 600 on 3rd Oct 2004), therefore he must then pay Zakaah which is 2.5% (2.5% of RS. 2000) = RS. 50 for that amount in the Bank.

2. Fatima has RS. 400 in the bank. She has had this in her bank for one year. She does not have to pay Zakaah, as the amount of money is below the Nisab. 

3. Umar has RS. 5000 in the bank. He has had this in the bank for eight months after which he uses the money to purchase a car. He does not have to pay Zakaah, as the money has not been in his possession for one year.

The above examples show that both conditions for Zakaah to be obligatory must be met, namely the Nisab, and the time period (one lunar year). 
Calculating Zakaah when savings fluctuate. 

Question: Is it wajib to give Zakaah on the money saved from the monthly wage and a year has passed and I am not using that money for investment, however, I am saving this money for me and my families expenditure. Is it wajib for me to give Zakaah in this situation?

Answer: Shaykh Ibnul Uthaymeen (rahimahullah) says: “Yes it is wajib to give Zakaah on this money if one year passes because any money that reaches the Nisab, Zakaah must be paid and there is no condition attached to the money even if it is for trading.”….. “But here there is one important issue that many people misunderstand, and it is money coming from the monthly wage, letting property or any other form of income which is going into the Muslims account and he is taking from that money so he is withdrawing and depositing money into his account. This makes him confused when one year has finished (due to the fluctuation of his account not being constant). 

So we say in this situation: if anytime during this year, his account drops below the Nisab, then he must start counting the howl (period of one year) from the beginning of the time when his account has reached the Nisab, and this money must be continuously above the Nisab for one year, then he must give Zakaah when that one year finishes. This way is easy for him instead of counting every month alone which is difficult for him”.

So noble Shaykh explained that if the wealth falls below the Nisab in any time of the year, then the counting of the year discontinues. Later if the wealth reaches the Nisab, the counting of the year starts from that date.

Example:

Abdullah calculates his Zakaah from one Ramadan to the next. In Ramadan 1425, he has RS. 1500 savings. His savings remain above the nisab for the next two months (Shawwal, Dhul Qadah). However in Dhul Hijjah his savings fall to RS. 500 (which is below the nisab). He therefore discontinues the counting of the year. This is because the wealth must be continuously above the nisab for a whole year.

The following month (Muhurram) his savings rise to RS. 800. So in this month, his savings are above the Nisab and he therefore starts the year count from this month. If his wealth remains above the Nisab from this Muhurram to the next Muhurram (i.e. for an entire year), then Zakaah is payable at the rate of 2.5%.

Zakaah al-Fitr

MEANING 

Zakaah al-Fitr is often referred to as Sadaqah al-Fitr. The word Fitr means the same as Iftaar, breaking a fast and it comes from the same root word as Futoor which means breakfast. Thus, Islamically, Zakaah al-Fitr is the name given to charity which is distributed at the end of the fast of Ramadaan. 

CLASSIFICATION 

Sadaqah al-Fitr is a duty which is Waajib on every Muslim, whether male or female, minor or adult as long as he / she has the means to do so. The proof that this form of charity is compulsory can be found in the Sunnah whereby Ibn ‘Umar reported that the Prophet sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam made Zakaah al-Fitr compulsory on every slave, freeman, male, female, young and old among the Muslims; one Saa’ of dried dates or one Saa’ of barely. [collected by Bukhaaree – Arabic/English, vol. 2, p. 339, no. 579] (two handfuls / kilo / 40 grams / 4.5 lbs / 112 oz / beaker of dates, barley, raisins, cheese, grain of wheat [see Muslim no.2151 & 2154]. Some scholars say any topic of food that is common in a particular region can be given for fitr, (e.g. flour, ground beef, or milk in the United States). 

The head of the household may pay the required amount for the other members. Abu Sa’eed al-Khudree said, “On behalf of our young and old, free men and slaves, we used to take out during Allaah’s Messenger’s sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam lifetime one Saa’ of grain, cheese or raisins.” [collected by Muslim – English transl. vol. 2, p. 469, no. 2155] 

SIGNIFICANCE 

The significant role played by Zakaah in the circulation of wealth within the Islamic society is also played by the Sadaqah al-Fitr. However, in the case of Sadaqah al-Fitr, each individual is required to calculate how much charity is due from himself and his dependents and go into the community in order to find those who deserve such charity. Thus, Sadaqah al-Fitr plays a very important role in the development of the bonds of community. The rich are obliged to come in direct contact with the poor, and the poor are put in contact with the extremely poor. This contact between the various levels of society helps to build real bonds of brotherhood and love within the Islamic community and trains those who have, to be generous to those who do not have.

PURPOSE

The main purpose of Zakaah al-Fitr is to provide those who fasted with the means of making up for their errors during the month of fasting. Zakaah al-Fitr also provides the poor with a means with which they can celebrate the festival of breaking the fast (‘Eed al-Fitr) along with the rest of the Muslims. 

Ibn Abbaas reported, “The Prophet sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam made Zakaah al-Fitr compulsory so that those who fasted may be purified of their idle deeds and shameful talk (committed during Ramadaan) and so that the poor may be fed. Whoever gives it before Salaah will have it accepted as Zakaah, while he who gives it after the Salaah has given Sadaqah.” [collected by Abu Dawood – Eng. transl. vol. 2, p. 421, no. 1605 – rated Saheeh by Shaikh Naasir al-Albaanee] 

Hence, the goal of Sadaqah al-Fitr is the spiritual development of the Believers. By making them give up some of their wealth, the believers are taught the higher moral characteristics of generosity, compassion (sympathy for the unfortunate), gratitude to God and the righteousness. But, since Islaam does not neglect man’s material need, part of the goal of Zakaah al-Fitr is the economic well-being of the poorer members of society.

CONDITIONS

Zakaah al-Fitr is only Waajib for a particular period of time. If one misses the time period without a good reason, he has sinned and can not make it up. This form of charity becomes obligatory from sunset on the last day of fasting and remains obligatory until the beginning of Salaah al-‘Eed’ (i.e. shortly after sunrise on the following day). However, it can be paid prior to the above mentioned period, as many of the Sahaabah (companions of the Prophet sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam) used to pay Sadaqah al-Fitr a couple days before the ‘Eed.

Ibn ‘Umar reported that the Prophet sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam order that it (Zakaah al-Fitr) be given before people go to make the Salaah (al-‘Eed).

Naafi’ transmitted that Ibn Umar used to pay fitr a day or two before the Eed prayer [Bukhaaree Vol. 2, p.339, no. 579 & Muslim, Abu Daawood]. Whoever pays fitr after the Eed prayer wlll not get the blessings of it because it will be rendered as regular Sadaqah [see Abu Daawood no. 1605] 

And Ibn ‘Abbaas reported that the Prophet sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam said, “Whoever gives it before the Salaah will have it accepted as Zakaah, while he who gives it after the Salaah (will not, for it will only be considered as) ordinary charity. Therefore, one who forgets to pay this Zakaah al-Fitr on time should do so as soon as possible even though it will not be counted as Zakaah al-Fitr.” 

RATE

The amount of Zakaah is the same for everyone regardless of their different income brackets. The minimum amount is one Saa’ (two handfuls ) of food, grain or dried fruit for each member of the family. This calculation is based on Ibn ‘Umar’s report that the Prophetsallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam made Zakaah al-Fitr compulsory and payable by a Saa’ of dried dates or a Saa’ of barley.

The Sahaabee, Abu Sa’eed al-Khudree said, “In the Prophet’s time, we used to give it (Zakaah al-Fitr) as a Saa’ of food, dried dates, barley, raisins or dried cheese.” [collected by al-Bukhaaree – Arabic/English vol. 2, p. 340, no. 582] 

Items other than food such as money, clothes, furniture, etc. cannot be given as Zakat al-fitr. because it is contrary to what the Prophet commanded and what Allaah wants. The Prophet sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam said, “Whoever introduces anything in this matter (deen) of ours will have it rejected.” [Bukhaaree Vol 3 no. 861. Muslim no.4266, Abu Daawood no.4589] 

Paying Zakaat ul-Fitr is an act of worship, and through the Quran and authentic Sunnah all acts of worship are described. Therefore, to add, subtract, or alter any act of worship is a bida’h. Thus, paying zakaah al-fitr by other than food is a bida’h and every bid’ah eventually leads to the fire [see Abu Daawood no. 4590]. 

Not giving money for fitr is as Sunnah at-Turkeeyah (An action, the abandonment of which is a Prophetic Sunnah). Money existed and was prevalent in the Prophet’s time but he did not nor did the Companions or Taabi’oon (followers of the Companions) use any money for Fitr. For sure the Prophet sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam was, is, and always will be the best of worshippers and the Companions and Taabi’oon are the best of generations in understanding and practicing Islaam [See Soorah’s 4:115 and 3:110, Bukhaaree Vol 3 and 5, Abu Daawood no.4586]. So if he and they did not use money for Sadaqah al-Fitr why should any one else?

Compiled from the writings of Abu Ameenah Bilal Philips and Muhammad al-Jibaaly

Questions regarding Zakat ul-Fitr

Answered by Shaikh Muhammad Saalih Ibn Aal-Uthaymeen (Raheemahullaah)

Q.1 Is it permissible to discharge the obligation of Zakaatul-Fitr on the first day of Ramadhaan? And is it permissible to distribute it in money? 

As for the discharging of it on the first day of Ramadhaan – there is Ikhtilaaf (difference of opinion among the scholars) about it. The most correct opinion is that it’s not permissible, because it is called Zakaatul-Fitr, and Al-Fitr (ending of the fast) does not occur except at the end of the month. Also, the Messenger of Allaah ordered that it be discharged before the people go out to the Prayer (Salaatul-‘Eed). Along with that, the companions (Sahabah) used to give out the Zakaatul-Fitr one or two days before the ‘Eed. As for discharging the Zakaatul-Fitr in MONEY, this is a point of Ikhtilaf (difference among the scholars). And the correct opinion – as I see it – is that it is not discharged except by (distribution of) FOOD. 

This is because Ibn Umar said: “The Messenger of Allaah made obligatory (the payment of) Zakaatul-Fitr from a Saa’ of dates or a Saa’ of barley…”1 

Abu Sa’eed Al-Khudree said: “We used to distribute it (Zakaatul-Fitr) in the time of the Messenger of Allaah as one saa’ of food, and our food was dates and barley and raisins and cottage cheese…”2 So, it becomes clear from these two hadeeth that it (Zakaatul-Fitr) is not discharged except from FOOD. And the distribution of it in food displays it openly and shows it, and all of the members of the family know about it. In this way, there is an exhibition or manifestation of this aspect of the religion. 

As for discharging it in money, this causes it to be concealed (unseen), and perhaps the person may favour himself, by discharging it in money, and thus reduce its amount.3 Therefore, strictly following the Law (al-Qur’aan and Sunnah) is best and it is blessed. Someone might argue that the distribution of food doesn’t benefit the poor. (But, we say) the poor person – if truly poor – must definitely benefit from the food. 

Q.2 Is it permissible to discharge Zakaatul-Fitr in money? – with mention of the evidences. 

Zakaatul-Fitr is not permissible except (to be paid) from FOOD. And it is not allowed to discharge its value in money. This is because the Prophet made it obligatory (to be discharged) from a saa’ of dates or a saa’ of barley. 

Abu Sa’eed Al-Khudree said: “We used to discharge it (Zakaatul-Fitr) in the time of the Prophet as a saa’ of FOOD…)”.4 

Therefore, it is not lawful for anyone to discharge Zakaatul-Fitr from money (dirhams) or clothing or household furnishings. Instead, that which is obligatory is to discharge it in what Allaah has made obligatory on the tongue of the Prophet . There is no consideration (weight) for the Istihsaan [viewing of something to be good, without basis from the legal sources of Qur’aan and Sunnah] of those of the people who viewed the giving of money as a good thing. The Law (Sharee’ah) does not follow (i.e. it is not secondary to) the opinions of people. 

No, it (the Law) is from the One Who is Wise, Knowing -Allaah – The Mighty, The Glorious, The Most Knowing, The M
ost Wise. So, if that which has been made obligatory by the tongue of Muhammad is a saa’ of food, then it is not permissible to bypass (skip over) that, no matter what our intellects make us to view as being good. Instead, it is a must that the human being question and suspect his intellect and views if it conflicts with, or contradicts, the law of Allaah. 

Q.3 What is the ruling in the case of someone compelled to discharge Zakaatul-Fitr by money? And does it fulfill for him his obligation? 

It appears to me that if someone is compelled to discharge the Zakaatul-Fitr by money, then he should give them the money, and not openly disobey those in authority. But, as far as that which is between him and Allaah, he should discharge what he has been commanded by the Prophet to discharge. So, he should discharge a saa’ of food as the Prophet commanded. Their compelling you to discharge it from money is compulsion to do something which Allaah has not legislated. In that case, you must fulfill what you believe to be obligatory. 

Q.4 Is it permissible to discharge Zakaatul-Fitr from meat? Some of the desert dwellers don’t have food to distribute for Zakaatul-Fitr, so is it permissible for them to slaughter some of their animals and distribute it to the poor? 

This is not correct, because the Prophet made it obligatory to give one saa’ of food, while meat is measured by weight (not by volume). 

Ibn Umar t said: “The Messenger of Allaah made obligatory the Zakaatul-Fitr as a saa’ of dates or a saa’ of barley…”5 

And Abu Sa’eed al-Khudree t said: “We used to discharge it (Zakaatul-Fitr) in the lifetime of the Prophet as a saa’ of food, and our food was dates, and barley, and raisins and cottage cheese “6 

For this reason, the strongest opinion of the sayings of the scholars is that Zakaatul-Fitr is not fulfilled by paying (distributing of) money, nor clothing, nor furnishings (furniture). There is no weight to the sayings of those who say that Zakaatul-Fitr is fulfilled by payment of money; this being so because as long as we have in front of us a text of the Prophet (then there is no opinion (in the matter) after his, nor accepting as good what the intellect considers good while negating the Law (the Qura’an and Sunnah). Allaah U will not ask us about the opinion of so and so on the day of Resurrection. He will only question us about the saying of the Messenger (as in His (Allaah’s U) saying : 

And (remember) the Day (Allaah) will call to them and say: what answer gave you to the Messengers? 7 

Just imagine yourself standing before Allaah on the day of Resurrection while it had been made obligatory on you to fulfill the payment of Zakaatul-Fitr from Food. Will it be possible, if you are asked on the day of Resurrection: How did you answer the Messenger of Allaah in reference to the obligation of this charity? Will it be possible for you to defend yourself and say: By Allaah! this is the opinion of so and so, and this is the opinion of such and such? The answer: No! and even if you said that, it would not benefit you (at all). The truth, without doubt, is that Zakaatul-Fitr is not accepted except from FOOD; and any food which is the staple food of the country fulfils this obligation. 

If you see the opinions of the scholars in this issue, you will see that they are on two extremes and one in the middle. One (extreme) side says: Pay it (Zakaatul-Fitr) from food or pay it from cash (money). The other (extreme) side says: Don’t pay it from money, and don’t pay it from food except five types only, that is : wheat, dates, barley, raisins, cottage cheese. These two opinions are the extreme opposite of each other. 

As for the middle opinion, it says : Pay it (Zakaatul-Fitr) from every food which the people are fed from, and not from that which the people are not fed from. So, pay it from wheat, dates, rice, pearl millets (dukhn), corn – and whatever is similar to that, – even to the extent if we accepted the idea that there is a place where the staple food of the people is meat, then we would pay it from meat. Based on this, it becomes clear that what the questioner mentioned about the people of the desert giving meat in place of (a saa’ of those staple items which are normally given as) Zakaatul-Fitr, does not fulfill the obligation of Zakaatul-Fitr. 

The preceding Fataawaa (Legal Decisions) were taken from the book entitled “Fataawaa Ash-Shaykh Muhammad Ibn Saaleh al-Uthaymeen (Hafizahu’llah -May Allaah Protect and Preserve him). 

Footnotes 

1 Bukhaaree 2:579 One Saa’ is equal to four (4) Mudd, and one (1) Mudd is equal to the amount held by cupping the two hands together. It is a measure by volume not by weight
2 Bukhaaree 2:582
3 As the amount would differ if we compare the value of one saa’ of dates to one saa’ of barley for example. Since a saa’ of barley is about 7 riyals ($2.00), while a saa’ of dates ranges -according to quality – from 25 riyals ($7.00) for a lesser quality to 42 riyals ($12.00) for a medium quality, to 175 riyals ($49.00) for the best quality per saa’.
4 Bukhaaree 2:582
5 Bukhaaree 2:579
6 Bukhaaree 2:582
7 Al-Qasaas : 65